Disposable plastic glasses of 200 ml, and dr wholesale
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- Country of manufactureRussia
- Crockery materialPlastic
Ware — the generalized name of the household items used for preparation, reception and storage of food. All ware can be divided into several categories:
- Objects for table layout: plates, bowls, flat dishes, dishes, salad bowls, cups, circles, drinking bowls, glasses, shot glasses, glasses, piles, saucers, coasters;
- Products for cooking: pans, frying pans, stewpans, skimmers;
- Vessels for storage of food;
From time immemorial the mankind used these or those types of ware. In the beginning the ware was made mainly of clay — the most available in processing of material, heat resisting and steady against liquid. Further from VI—IV centuries BC the pig-iron ware, later copper ware began to appear. Need to replace clay as the main material for production of ware appeared with transition from cooking on naked flame, on coals or in the furnace to use of cooking panels (rings). Already later, in the 20th century the ware from stainless steel appeared. In the late fifties of the XX century there was also a ware exclusively popular today with an antiprigarny covering.
The word "ware" came from the Old Russian "sud" designating a vessel, ware. Related words are used in many languages of Slavic group. [the source is not specified 1516 days]
Categories
Objects for table layout
All that we regularly see on a dining table enters this category. Here and products from glass (and crystal): plates, glasses; and ceramic or porcelain sousnitsa, plates, cups, circles; and a set of metal objects — spoons, forks, knives. Disposable tableware from plastic — is much used that, certainly, very hygienically, but is considered unacceptable at expensive restaurants.
Products for cooking
We daily meet representatives of this category in kitchen (generally metal) is: frying pans, pans, ladles, stewpans.
Vessels for storage of food
It is possible to refer containers for storage of food to this category. Most often they are made of the metal (enameled), glass or plastic. Grain can be in any capacities. A pickles, jam, tinned compotes are, as a rule, stored in glass jars. For liquid products (dairy, sour-milk, juice, mineral and soda waters) glass, plastic or specially dressed cardboard capacities are used. For alcoholic beverages use glass large bottles. Meat dressed (sausage) and cheese products with limited period of storage are packed into the dense plastic inaccessible to external environment. Canned and fish meat — in metal tins (with limited period of storage).
Classification of ware by material
Glasswares
Glass is most often used for production of objects of table layout. But except very graceful glass (and crystal) shot glasses, glasses, vases, glasses, plates, cups and saucers teapots and pans from heat resisting (borosilikatny) glass or polycrystalline glass (glass ceramics) regularly meet). Such pans can be put absolutely quietly both on a plate, and in the microwave oven, thanks to their transparency it will be always visible to you in what state there is a preparing dish and as glass is chemically inert material, you are reliably protected from change of taste or other characteristics of the preparing food.
Clay and ceramic ware
Pots for portion preparation of dishes, various ceramic capacities for suppression in an oven or the microwave oven, and also all range of tableware - mugs, plates, jugs, bowls, etc. are included in this section. Serious minus of kitchen ware from ceramics is the impossibility of its use on cooking panels though there are also exceptions, for example, ceramic braziers and Turks.
Porcelain and faience ware
It is, as a rule, tableware: plates, saucers, sockets, cups, salad bowls etc. There is also a ware for cooking from heat resisting porcelain and faience: forms for roasting and a pan, suitable for use in ovens.
Pig-iron ware
Pig-iron frying pan grill of the Swedish company SkeppshultCast iron — the first metal of which the mankind began to do ware commercially. Nevertheless, the ware from cast iron enjoys popularity still. At cast iron very high thermal capacity that allows ware to be warmed to high temperatures (aluminum at the expense of higher thermolysis of such temperature cannot reach), and it is necessary when it is, for example, about preparation of dishes on a grill, in a wok or baking of pancakes.
The pig-iron ware can be divided into ware with a covering and without it. The uncovered pig-iron ware has property to rust if it is left damp, but possesses natural antiprigarny properties. Some producers apply roasting of uncovered pig-iron ware in oil at high temperatures that allows to create the additional protective layer raising a koroziynostoykost and antiprigarny properties of cast iron. The pig-iron ware without covering - one of the most durable types of kitchen ware which can use beyond all bounds long if not to drop it and correctly to look after. Even if the pig-iron frying pan strongly rusted, it can be restored.
The pig-iron ware is enameled also an antiprigarny covering (the last meets less often). Enamel does not allow cast iron to rust, but at the same time mostly natural antiprigarny properties of ware are lost, besides, even high-quality enamel is subject to a skalyvaniye, and enamel of poor quality by which the most part of inexpensive ware becomes covered is chopped off quickly enough. The ware with the chopped-off enamel is recommended at once to stop be used as around the place of the first chip enamel will break away further and to get to food, and the ware in this place will begin to rust. The covering on the basis of PTFE (teflon) protects pig-iron ware from a rust and repeatedly increases antiprigarny properties. Minus such covering - relative fragility (two-three years), besides, the technology of drawing PTFE on cast iron is rather difficult.
Copper and brass ware
The ware from copper and brass does not enjoy wide popularity today. Copper at contact with food acids on air passes into solution, and soluble compounds of copper are extremely toxic. On the other hand copper possesses the best heat conductivity among metals of which make ware. For this reason it found application in the multilayered bottoms for steel ware. Now do ware for water boiling (samovars, teapots) of the copper (which is carefully regional fished from within) and just cover the most part of other "copper" ware with copper outside for ensuring attractive design.
Brass (a copper alloy with zinc) as more inert material, is more or less in large quantities used only for production of Tazy for jam making and samovars.
Ware from stainless steel
The ware from stainless steel along with ware from aluminum and cast iron enjoys the greatest popularity. For production of ware the alloyed stainless steel containing not less than 17% of chrome is used. Became, used for production of ware can be nickel-containing (an austenitic class - not magnetic). To it stalyam belong steel of brands 304 on AISI which some manufacturers designate as 18/10 (analog of steel 12X18H9 in accordance with GOST 5632-72) the D11 brand 201,202, NTK etc. For production of ware can be used and beznikelevy steel of brands 430 (analog brand 03Х17 in accordance with GOST 5632-72) or as it is designated by some producers 17/0, NSSC 180, JFE443CT, JYH21CT, etc., belonging to the ferritic class — magnetic. At the market there is a huge choice of ware from stainless steel. The main differences between various brands and series consists in technical characteristics of capacities — thickness of walls and thickness of a heatdistributive layer (TRS). Ware capacities from stainless steel are made by method of a deep extract of a holodnokatanny leaf with finishing of a surface 2B (mirror polishing) and can have the most various forms. TRS is attached to capacity by method of brazing or diffusive welding. TRS represents the aluminum or copper disk concluded in a capsule from stainless steel, as a rule, of a ferritic class. It does possible use of such ware on an induction plate. Sometimes for more effective use of induction sources of heating in TRS the additional steel disk from magnetic steel is built in. Handles of ware fasten to capacity or method of contact spot welding, or by means of rivets. The simple products which are not intended for use on a plate are made without TRS. For finishing of a surface two main types of polishing - mirror and opaque, and also their combination are used. The ware from stainless steel can be used both for cooking, and for its storage. The domestic ware is made according to GOST 27002-86, import according to EN and other international standards. Now the bulk of the "European" brands presented at the market is made in China, some part in Turkey, and the cheapest and low-quality in India. Feature of the ware made in these countries is that local producers are not burdened with observance of the international standards and therefore quality such ware is defined, as a rule, by the specification of the importer.
Aluminum ware
Advantages of aluminum ware in good heat conductivity, ease in operation. It is suitable for drawing antiprigarny coverings. By a method of production happens cast and stamped. The stamped ware reaches 5 mm in thickness, the bottom of cast ware begins with 4 mm and reaches 10 mm. As a rule, the ware bottom is thicker, the better in it heat and the better ware is distributed, of course, it is necessary to pay attention and to characteristics of the antiprigarny covering applied on ware. Also producers of ware turn out products from the anodized aluminum (anodised aluminum) — aluminum with the strong oxidic covering received by means of an electrolytic bathtub. In Soviet period release and uncovered aluminum ware, but as contact of aluminum with food leads to chemical reaction and release of metal in food practiced, at the moment such ware meets in use a little. In present time there is, also, a disposable aluminum tableware - kasaletka.
Ware from the titan
From the titan, owing to its smaller, than at steel, density, the tourist ware is in large quantities made. And as metal possesses quite good heat conductivity recently attempts to make of it frying pans and cauldrons, nevertheless when using in kitchen where the weight of ware has no crucial importance are observed, before aluminum or steel the ware from the titan has no considerable advantages.
Possibly titanic ware - the myth generated by distributors of ware. In in view of _PLOKHOY_ heat conductivity of the titan, he cannot be used as the main component of ware.
Plastic ware
It is produced from polypropylene, polystyrene and other materials. As a rule, it is intended for the one-time use. It is widely used in fast food restaurants (fast food) and at the organization of picnics. Some types of plastic are not intended for hot dishes or for alcoholic beverages as at thermal influence or at contact with alcohol emit harmful substances. Also dangerous substances may contain superconcentrates of the dyes which are used by production of disposable tableware. The plastic ware of reusable use can be hazardous to health of the person too. Especially it concerns products from melamine. The disposable plastic tableware can be processed and used again, for production of the products which are not contacting to foodstuff.