Drill bits diamond

Drilling of rocks - difficult and labor-intensive process which efficiency in many respects depends on operational opportunities of the used boring tool. It is not difficult to guess that the main mechanical loading in this tool is the share of its main working part - a drill bit which directly adjoins to rocks and destroys them. Make crowns of the strongest materials. Experience of deep drilling demonstrates that reinforcing of drill bits diamonds allows to increase process productivity by 1,5 - 2 times in comparison with drilling by crowns from high-strength alloys.
Now diamond drilling is used in various prospecting works, oil and gas and ore mining industry. At the same time diamonds of technical quality are applied. The volume of drilling operations reached huge scope. Wells drill on the increasing depth. Wells up to 3-5 kilometers in depth are frequent. Even more deeply wells of oil industry workers and gas workers go to a subsoil of Earth. The deepest wells are necessary for researches of terrestrial depths. Design depth of the Kola well is 15 km! Thus, durability and reliability of drill bits gains crucial importance.
Diamond drilling has before hard-alloy a number of advantages: high efficiency (drilling speed in strong breeds is 2 - 3 times higher), the good safety of drilling equipment sustained on depth a cylindrical form of wells, lower costs of production of drilling operations. Advantages of diamond crowns at a driving of wells of small diameter (95 mm) are especially well visible. In this case the cost of drilling operations is 4 times lower than drilling cost hard-alloy crowns.
At production of drill bits small diamonds - from 0,01 to 0,2 carats of technical quality are used. Small diamonds have a lot of the cutting sides. Therefore than breed, that effective use in crowns of diamonds of the small sizes is stronger. The rock strength is higher, the more diamond grains are necessary on one carat of diamond in a drill bit. In melkoalmazny crowns of grain are distributed more often and more evenly. Such crowns when drilling remove thinner rock sheet, and their operation is possible with a bigger frequency of rotation of the drill. On the contrary, when drilling soft breeds it is expedient to remove thicker layer therefore it is more favorable to use crowns with larger diamonds.
At long operation of drill bits diamond grains can drop out of nests and be lost. For extraction from a well of the dropped-out crystals one more property of diamonds - ability to stick to a fat surface is used. For this purpose in a well lower a cap which bottom is covered with fat.