Penetron

Effect of the material "Penetron" is based on four main principles: osmosis, Brownian motion, reactions with a cement stone and forces of a superficial tension of liquids. When drawing on damp concrete of liquid solution of the material "Penetron" on a surface high chemical potential is created, at the same time the internal structure of concrete keeps low chemical potential. Osmosis seeks to level a difference of potentials; there is osmotic pressure.

Thanks to presence of osmotic pressure active chemical components of the material "Penetron" migrate deeply in structure of concrete. The humidity of concrete structure is higher, the more effectively there is a process of penetration of active chemical components into depth of concrete. This process proceeds both at positive, and with a negative pressure of water. Depth of penetration of active chemical components of the material "Penetron" by the continuous front reaches several tens centimeters. Having got into depth of structure of concrete, active chemical components of the material "Penetron", being dissolved in water, react with the ionic complexes of calcium and aluminum, oxides and salts of metals which are contained in a cement stone of concrete. During these reactions more complex salts capable to interact with water are formed and to create insoluble crystalline hydrates. The network of these crystals fills a time, capillaries and microcracks up to 0,5 mm wide. At the same time crystals become a component of concrete structure for all term of its operation.

The time filled with insoluble crystals, capillaries and microcracks do not pass water as forces of a superficial tension of liquids come into action. The network of volume crystals which filled capillaries interferes with a water filtration even in the presence of high hydrostatic pressure. At the same time concrete keeps vapor permeability. Speed of formation of crystals and depth of penetration of active chemical components depends on many factors, in particular on density, porosity of concrete, humidity and ambient temperature. At water disappearance process of formation of crystals stops. At emergence of water (for example, at increase in hydrostatic pressure) process of formation of crystals is resumed, that is concrete after processing by the material "Penetron" gains ability to "self-curing".

 Use of materials of the Penetron system allows to raise an indicator of water tightness of concrete on six and more steps. For example, if the initial indicator of water tightness of concrete corresponded to W2, then after use of the material "Penetron" or Penetron of Admiks additive there will be a gradual increase in this indicator not less than to W14.