STH P-cresol for hromatogr. (3 ml)
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Cresols (methylphenols, hydroxytoluenes) — Exist orto - , meta - and para - isomers - colourless crystals or liquids. Cresols are well soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene, chloroform, acetone; are soluble in water, solutions of alkalis (with formation of salts - cresylates). Like phenol, cresols - weak acids. Cresols easily enter electrophilic substitution reactions, condensation, for example saldegidama. Para - cresol is oxidized oksidamirb, Mnilifedo para - hydroxybenzoic acid, stronger oxidizers - to quinone of iligidrokhinon. At catalytic recovery turns into methylanols and methylcyclohexanones.
Cresol isomers when mixing with chlorine water in the presence of NH3 form colored compounds: orthocresol gives the yellow - brown coloring passing in greenish, meta - cresol - green, passing in dark yellow, para - cresol - dark yellow, passing in orange or red.
Technical mix orto - , meta - and para - cresol is called trikrezoly.
Are used as solvents and as intermediate substances at organic synthesis.
Cresols apply by production or laboratory receiving aromatic compounds, antiseptic agents, dyes, synthetic rubbers, fuels and lubricants, phenol formaldehyde and other pitches, insecticides, fungicides and herbicides and medical supplies.
Is also strong antiseptic agent of broad action. It is used mainly in the form of soap solutions for the general disinfection (See Lysol). In small concentration it is sometimes applied as preservative of solutions to injections
